25 Facts About Water
1. The first municipal water filtration works opened in Paisley, Scotland in 1832.
2. More than 79,000 tons of chlorine are used per year in the United States and Canada to treat water.
3. Of all the earth's water, 97% is salt water found in oceans and seas.
4. Only 1% of the earth's water is available for drinking water. Two percent is currently frozen.
5. About two thirds of the human body is water. Some parts of the body contain more water than others. For example, 70% of your skin is water.
6. There are more than 56,000 community water systems providing water to the public in the United States.
7. Public water suppliers process 38 billion gallons of water per day for domestic and public use.
8. Approximately 1 million miles of pipelines and aqueducts carry water in the United States and Canada. That's enough to circle the earth 40 times.
9. About 800,000 water wells are drilled each year in the United States for domestic, farming, commercial, and water testing purposes.
10. Typically, households consume at least 50% of their water by lawn watering. Inside, toilets use the most water, with an average of 27 gallons per person per day.
11. In 1974, Congress passed the Safe Drinking Water Act to ensure that drinking water is safe for human consumption. The Act requires public water systems to monitor and treat drinking water for safety.
12. More than 13 million households get their water from their own private wells and are responsible for treating and pumping the water themselves.
13. Industries released 197 million pounds of toxic chemicals into waterways in 1990.
14. The average daily requirement for fresh water in the United States is about 40 billion gallons a day, with about 300 billion gallons used untreated for agriculture and commercial purposes.
15. You can survive about a month without food, but only 5 to 7 days without water.
16. Each person uses about 100 gallons of water a day at home.
17. The average five-minute shower takes between 15 to 25 gallons of water.
18. You can refill an 8 oz glass of water approximately 15,000 times for the same cost as a six-pack of soda.
19. An automatic dishwasher uses approximately 9 to 12 gallons of water while hand washing dishes can use up to 20 gallons.
20. If every household in America had a faucet that dripped once each second, 928 million gallons of water a day would leak away.
21. A dairy cow must drink four gallons of water to produce one gallon of milk.
22. One gallon of water weighs approximately 8 ½ pounds.
23. One inch of rainfall drops 7,000 gallons, or nearly 30 tons of water, on a 60' x 180' piece of land.
24. 300 million gallons of water are needed to produce a single day's supply of U.S. newsprint.
25. A person should consume 2 ½ quarts of water per day (from all sources of water, food, etc.) to maintain health.
Also the "Recommended Water Intake A Myth" :
http://www.scienceagogo.com/news/200207 ... _sys.shtml
Daily water requirements
The normal daily turnover of water is approximately 4% of total body weight in adults.(iv) The amount of water required by the body is that which is necessary to balance the insensible losses. This can vary markedly, depending, for example on climatic conditions. Other factors determining water loss include the amount of water required by the kidneys to excrete waste products (the solute load). This may vary with dietary composition and other factors. In view of these limitations, in 1989, the National Research Council (US) noted that the estimation of water requirement was complex and highly variable and concluded that it was impossible to set a general water requirement. Nevertheless, for practical purposes they recommended that the water requirement for adults could be estimated as "1ml per kcal energy expenditure for adults living under average conditions of energy expenditure and environmental exposure" - thus a person eating 2900kcal would require 2900ml of water.(v)
In 2002, Valtin (v) carried out an extensive review into the origins of advice regarding daily water requirements. He noted that an earlier, similar, recommendation from the US National Research Council may have been the source of the frequently exhorted advice to "drink at least eight glasses of water a day". In 1945, the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council had advised: "A suitable allowance of water for adults is 2.5 liters daily in most instances. An ordinary standard for diverse persons is 1 milliliter for each calorie of food. Most of this quantity is contained in prepared foods." Valtin proposed that the last sentence may not have been heeded, and the recommendation was therefore erroneously interpreted as eight glasses of water to be drunk each day. (1 glass/cup - approx. 8 ounces = 240ml; therefore 8 glasses = approx. 1920ml). It is interesting to note that the advice from the National Research Council in 1989 did not comment on the source of the 1ml/kcal water required. This may have perpetuated the misconception that all of this water requirement must be in the form of drink.(v) Whereas, in accordance with the table above, if an adult gains in the region of 1 litre of their 2500 ml water requirement from food and metabolic water contributes a further 250ml, this leaves only 1250ml to be consumed in the form of drink.
In spite of this, some authorities(vi,vii) still advise that we should drink "six to eight glasses" or "2500-3000ml" of water per day. However, this guidance may have been influenced by the additional recommendation made by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council in 1989, that as "there is so seldom a risk of water intoxication … the specified requirement for water is often increased to 1.5ml/kcal to cover variations in activity level, sweating, and solute load."(v)
In 2004 the National Academies, Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board issued revised recommendations on the Dietary Reference Intakes for Electrolytes and Water.(viii) The Panel on Dietary Reference Intakes undertook an extensive review of the literature in addition to conducting surveys as part of their review of this subject. They commented that “although a low intake of total water (which includes a combination of drinking water, water in beverages, and water that is part of food) has been associated with some chronic diseases, the evidence is insufficient to establish water intake recommendations as a means to reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Instead, an Adequate Intake for total water is set to prevent deleterious, primarily acute, effects of dehydration, which include metabolic and functional abnormalities.” Based upon their review of water balance studies for inactive adults in temperate climates, the panel recommended that the minimal water requirement should be approximately 1 to 3.1 litres per day to replace respiratory, urinary, faecal and insensible fluid losses.
http://www.water.org.uk/home/resources- ... out/adults
beer:
I drink too much water
I drink too much water -
04-02-2005, 01:36 AM
Linear Mode
